Rhoticity(R-loss): GA都带卷舌,而RP只有元音后。 /r/ is clearly pronounced in RP at the beginning of syllables before vowels, but not after vowels or at the ends of words. 理论上美式更加“传统”,而英式反而变化了。比如
market, drawing
car, park
Vowels - GA and RP have different vowel sound systems. For example, GA has the cot-caught merger while RP distinguishes these vowel sounds. 这里只介绍最常见的三个a
ɑ: script A, 手写A, Open back unrounded vowel,类似啊,比如 Tom
ɒ: turned script A, 反转手写A, open back rounded vowel, UK专属发音,类似“哦”
正倒ɑ:shop: /UK /ʃɒp/, US /ʃɑp/,tom /UK tɒm, US tɑm/. problem.
e和i: leverage: /UK 'liːv(ə)rɪdʒ, US 'lɛvərɪdʒ/
consonant
du/su: due /UK 'djuːəʊ, US du/
T-flapping - GA flaps /t/ to a sound like “d” in unstressed syllables and between vowels. RP does not exhibit flapping. 在某些连读或者速读场景下,美式不区分ptk和bdg。比如hitting it, party
英文不严格区分意味着老外对你的口音可以容错,但是自己还是要努力下。Most people have very little voicing going on while the lips are closed during either pie or buy – 《A Course in Phonetics》